Contents
- Index
Calculations Types
There are many different lease or loan calculations. Each ALMSys calculation results in the definition of a fixed amortization schedule. Each amortization line consists of principal, interest, and other non-capitalized costs called, "additional monthly payments" (periodic taxes and any other periodic charges, which may be other than monthly).
ALMSys uses the amortization schedule as the absolute guide to track the lease, and as a payment schedule for loans. Once the amortization schedule has been calculated, it cannot be changed (unless the lease is extended). There is no daily interest on a lease; just the calculated amortization schedule.
ALMSys has been programmed to calculate the most common lease and loan calculations. Specifically, ALMSys calculates:
Standard (1 & 2)
This may or may not include interest as part of the first payment. Traditionally, this is used when payments are made at the beginning of each period. The ALMSys "Standard" and "Standard with Interest" types utilize this calculation. (The difference between the two is that Standard has no interest in payment one of the amortization schedule.)
"Standard" (type 1) is NOT recommended. Please use "Standard with Interest." (The reason it is not recommended is that it defers interest to the end of the lease, thus lowering your income and lowering the payoff when the payoff is before the end of the lease.)
Standard is a present value of annuity due calculation, and uses the following formula:
((( cap - ( ev / (( 1 + rate )^term ))) * rate ) / ( 1 - (( 1 + rate )^-term ))) / ( 1 + rate )
Where:
* Multiplication
/ Division
^ Raised to the power of
cap Total capitalized cost.
ev End Value (residual)
mf Money Factor. If money factor is 3.2, then "mf" would be 0.0032.
rate Interest rate per month. If the rate is 7.5, then "rate" would be 7.5 divided by 100, then divided by 12, or .00625
term Number of payments
Sample
Total capitalized cost: 20,000.00
End value (residual): 11,000,00
Interest Rate: 7.5%
Term: 36
Resulting base payment: 346.54
Spreadsheet (3)
This is close to a loan calculation. The following formula is used:
( cap - ( ev / (( 1 + rate )^term ))) / (( 1 - ( 1 / (( 1 + rate )^term ))) / rate )
Sample
Total capitalized cost: 20,000.00
End value (residual): 11,000,00
Interest Rate: 7.5%
Term: 36
Resulting base monthly payment: 348.71
Money Factor
ALMSys no longer performs the money factor calculation. The money factor formula is:
(( cap - ev ) / term ) + (( cap + ev ) * mf )
Sample
Total capitalized cost: 20,000.00
End value (residual): 11,000,00
Money Factor: 2.5 (.0025)
Term: 36
Resulting base payment: 327.50
Resulting Standard Interest Rate: 6.02646%
Resulting Spreadsheet Int. Rate: 5.90210%
Leveraged Financing "Even Principal w/ Balloon"
This is a special of calculation for Leveraged Financing only.
The balloon (end value) is calculated as:
base price - (base price * payback factor * term)
The monthly principal payment is calculated as:
(base price - cap. reduction - ev ) / term
... which is the same as depreciation book value. This principal remains constant throughout the term.
The interest on this varies from month to month, based on the number of days between payments, as follows:
((beg. bal. * rate) / 365) * days
Sample
Base price: 20,000.00
Payback factor: 1.9%
Term: 35 months
Cap. Reduction: 0.00
Rate: 6.5 (.065)
Total capitalized cost: 20,000.00
End value (residual/balloon): 6,700.00
Resulting principal payment: 380.00
Start Date: 11/01/2001
First Payment Due Date: 11/15/2001
Day Due: 15
Amortization Results
Beginning Due Date Int. Prin. Ending
20,000.00 11/15/2001 49.86 380.00 19,620.00
19,620.00 12/15/2001 104.82 380.00 19,240.00
19,240.00 01/15/2002 106.22 380.00 18,860.00
etc...
As a result, the total monthly payment amount will vary.